Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer
We use time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) to detect mass-resolved ions, which are generated via VUV photoionization.
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/TOF4-1lj4xmg.jpg)
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/TOF1-259kbel.jpg)
Velocity Map Imaging
A powerful apparatus for studying the dynamics of molecular photodissociation processes.
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/VMI2-2dxkgr4.jpg)
Laser Induced Fluorescence
We use a photomultiplier tube to detect LIF from OH and other molecules. Our LIF instrument is used for our IR action spectroscopy experiments.
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/LIF2-13a9vi0.jpg)
Lasers
Our group uses a variety of lasers to complete our experiments, including both Excimer and Nd:YAG systems. We also have several tunable light sources, including a Laservision OPO, which generates narrowband, continuously tunable IR radiation, and an Ekspla BBO based OPO, which generates highly tunable visible and UV light.
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/Lasers-2d6vwbk.jpg)
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/BBO_OPO-1kp842i.jpg)
![](https://web.sas.upenn.edu/lestergroup/files/2017/06/KTP-OPO-1ywieri.jpg)