06 Italian Cities in the 15th Century II


Today’s Goals

particular regional shape of Renaissance culture
political relationships among states
begin:  visual arts

Milan

Milan map 1573

Renaissance signori
Visconti family
Ottone Matteo
Giangaleazzo Visconti—duke from HRE 1395, d. 1402
Filippo Maria Visconti d. 1447
Bianca Maria m. Francesco Sforza
(Ambrosian Republic, 1447-50)
N. European features
humanist careers: court (chancery), University (Pavia and Milan)

“hired guns”
Petrarch
Chrysoloras 1400-03
Panormita, Lorenzo Valla
Text editing center, ms discoveries
scholastics

Economy:

mixed industry-textiles, metalwork
Canals
agriculture

major building projects
cathedral

Milano-Duomo

Milanoduomoaerial

 

Castello Sforzesco

Castello

 

Milan, S. Ambrogio

Image result for milan sant'ambrogio

S Ambrogio

Milan. S. Eustorgio

Side view of Saint Eustorgius Church in Milan.jpg

 

 

Kingdom of Naples (Anjou) and Sicily (Aragon)

regional contrasts

Naples: patron of early humanists
succession troubles
barons
Change of regime: from Anjou to Aragon
Giovanna II 1414
Alfonso I (of Aragon) 1442-58
Ferrante I 1458-94

regional economy: agriculture, pasturage
Less trade than north
Humanist culture: early, then 15th c.
Alfonso’s court
foreigners: Valla, Manetti, Pontano

NapoliCastelNuovo

Naples: Castel Nuovo

 

Palermo

Palermo, Cathedral

Humanist culture in smaller city-states

main centers of patronage: city govt, usually a signore (chanceries)
exceptions: university towns

Padua

Padova S-Antonio

Padua, San Antonio

Padua S-Antonio-int

Padua, San Antonio, interior

Padua Orologio

Torre dell’Orologio

Bologna
Pisa
Ferrara, Urbino, Mantua

Italy 1494

Italy 1494

 From crises to stability: Lodi

First part of 15th century: warfare among states
1454 Peace of Lodi: “Italian League”.
recognize status quo, not to wage war, declare peace, or enter into alliances without others; military support; 25 years, renewable
Main powers:
Florence, Venice, Rome, Milan, Naples

Goals of Lodi:

  •  keep foreign powers (notably France) out of peninsula
  • allow for united action against external threats: Turks (1453/Constantinople)

1490s: Alliance breaks