Pseudo-Alphabetic Characters and Questions of Literacy: the Story of a Sole-Shaped Stamp

By Jane Lilly
At a glance, the Harvard Art Museum’s (HAM) Stamp in the Form of a Foot seems unremarkable, particularly in conversation with the five other Roman stamps also stored at HAM. Each of these six stamps was cast in a lost-wax process with an inscription on the front and a loop on the back. However, upon further inspection, the oddities of this stamp become apparent.

The Mythical Edge of the World: Julius Caesar and His Exploitation of Britain

By Edward Tomlinson   Introduction: Why Britain?  Throughout its history with ancient Rome, Britain experienced great continental influence. Britons interacted with the European mainland through contact with a Roman culture that saw unprecedented development over centuries. As time progressed, Britain’s importance grew. “From [Julius] Caesar onwards, Britain occupied a particular and significant place in the […]

Osteoarchaeology and the Ancient World Scholar’s Toolkit

Osteoarchaeology and the Ancient World Scholar’s Toolkit

by Adam Hope

Osteoarchaeology: What, Why, and How?

Osteoarchaeology uses bodily remains recovered in archaeological contexts to develop historical insights. The evidence base is the human skeleton, which, when complete, consists of 206 bones and either twenty “baby” or thirty-two “adult” teeth depending on age at death. The completeness of a skeleton hinges on various factors: naturally, burial is a must — meaning this approach is unsuitable for the study of societies which practice “sky burial,” such as pre-Islamic Iran or medieval Tibet — while looting and soil acidity determine the quantity and quality of surviving bone material. Upon detection, bone is excavated by careful troweling. Extensive records are then produced, detailing the anatomical features found, the stratigraphic level at which they were discovered, and features such as visible signs of damage or indicators of sex and age.

Roman Art & Imperial Marmor

In this paper, I discuss the Roman imperial exploitation of valuable white and colored stone resources—or marmor—and the implications of their usage for public, provincial, and private arts across the Mediterranean. I argue that from the late Republic through the high Empire, Roman elites privileged marble, granite, porphyry, and other polished stones as signifiers of status, taste, and regional domination.

Medea Through the Centuries

Medea Through the Centuries
By Maggie Yuan

A witch. A sorceress. An enchantress. Each of these terms have been ascribed to Medea, the Colchian princess who married Jason and aided him in his quest for the Golden Fleece. Her story has fascinated audiences for centuries, inspiring writers to craft their own versions of the myth…

Practical Just War: St. Augustine & His Framing of Just War Theory 

Practical Just War: St. Augustine & His Framing of Just War Theory 
By Benjamin Elkins

Today, the application of moral terms to warfare may seem quite ordinary. Discussions about which military general is or is not a criminal, which states are just or unjust, or who should or should not be held accountable for war crimes are commonplace within modern discourse. When Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, scholars were quick to call it an unjust war of aggression. As a result, thousands of people bought flags and posters that read “Slava Ukraini” — glory to Ukraine. Throughout the 2023 Hamas-Israel war, numerous opinion pieces have been published evaluating the morality behind either side…